Ingot mold



July 5 1927.

R. c. KRA-usE INGOT MOLD Filed March 24. 1926 2 Siesta-Sheet. 1

Snowdon;

s@ t i atlante/1,

Patented July 5, 1927.

BEINHOLD CABL KRAUSE, OF YOUNG-STOWN, OHIO.

PATENT OFFICE.`

- INGOT MOLD.

Application led March 24, 1926. Serial No. 96,984.

My invention relates more particularly to casting of steel ingots, the primary purpose being to provide a mold in which the molten metal, when poured into the mold, will cool in such way as to cause it to solidify and shrink uniforinl throughout the ingot, thus producing a solid bodyof metal.

This application involves the features and novelties included in my application No. 754,491, filed December 8, 1924, and which has been formally abandoned.

The cooling and solidifying process begins atthe circumference of the ingot, when the molten metal comes into contact with the cool metal of the mold, and travels inwardly towards the center of the ingot.

It is well known by experienced steel and iron workers that, through the operation of natural laws, not necessary to be set forth' here, when an ingot is allowed to cool and solidify by radiation andabsorption of heat throughout the entire circumference of the mold, or in other words, when the cooling process is Vuniform from all parts of the circumference of the ingot towards the center, the result is the formation of a longitudinal cavity near the center of the ingot, extending from the upper end to various depths. This is known in mill parlance as piping, and is due to the fact that the cooling process sets in motion certain radial resisting forces which prevent or obstruct the contraction of the metal of the in ot from the circumference to the center, which naturally follows the lowering of the temperature.

The objection to this cavity is in the fa'ct that its wall becomes oxidized, thus rendering it impossible to weld the metal by rolling, and longitudinal fissures, due to this fact, are likely to be found in the smallest of rods.

This makes it necessary, of course, to out away more or less, and sometimes a large4 percentage, of the upper end of the ingot.

The purpose of my invention is to avoid this piping, by causing the moltenv metal to cool from two sides of the mold only, preferably opposite sides, which I accomplish by extending or increasing the heat radiating and absorbing substance and surface on these two sides, and insulating the other two sides `against heat radiation and absorption.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a mold; Figure 2- is a cross section on line 2 2 Figure l; Figure 3 is a vertical section at right angles to Figure 1, except that the refractory lining is not shown; Figure 4 is a cross section on line 4 4 Figure- 3; Figure 5 is a vertical section, showing a slight modification, iii which the insulation is disposed oii two adjacent sides, instead of opposite sides, of the mold, and the heat radiating and absorbing construction is built in to the two opposing adjacent sides; Figure 6 is a cross section on line 6 6 Figure; Figure 7 is a vertical section, showing m invention built in to an outer shell or casing adapted to be placed in telescopic relation with the mold proper.

and secured thereto by any suitable means;

Figure 8 is a cross section on line 8 8 Figure 7 Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the various figures of the drawings.

M represents a mold provided with oppositely disposed longitudinal chambers or recesses 1 1, each of said chambers being formed by a comparatively thin wall 2 2, and also with the oppositely disposed relatively thick walls 3 3, having continuously longitudinal air passages 4 4. These air passages are preferably of triangular shape with the apex disposed inwardly, in order to preserve a larger portion of the metal in the wall of the mold adjacent its inner surface.

The recesses or chambers 1 1 are filled with any suitable and eicient insulating material or substance,- 5 5, such as asbestos, celite, or other kindred material which serves to arrest heat radiation and absorption. Or vacuum tubes could be used if desired.

Conversely, currents of cool air, through the passages 4 4 in the thicker walls, tend to cool these walls, thus accelerating and increasing the radiation and absorption of heat through the latter.

It is obvious that with-this construction, the cooling process, and the resulting solidification, of the molten met-al will take place, in a very large degree, transversely across the mold from each one of the thicker walls 3 3 toward the other, while the process from the opposite or insulated walls Will'be coilnparatively light, if not practically nomina If desirable,the inner face of the insulated walls may be lined with bricks or other lil eiiiciency of the insulation. A

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, this construction, without in. any wise departingl from the principle, scope or nature of the invention, may be slightly modified by insu latinp; two adjacent sides of the mold, and building the heat radiating and absorbing coistruction in to the two opposing adjacent si es.

`Also, in Figures 7 and 8, I have shown my invention embodied in an outer shell or casing 7, adapted to be placed in telescopic relation with the mold proper and. held in rigid connection therewith, by any suitable means, such as keys 8--8 driven into registering recesses 9 and l0 in the mold proper and the outer casing, respectively.

It is, of course, obvious that my invention will apply to molds of any shape in cross section.

In practice, the mold rests upon the shoe or base 11, which closes the low'er end of the mold.

I claim:

1. An ingot mold having two of its opposite sides insulated against heat absorption and radiation, and the 'other two opposite sides provided with extended and increased heat absorbing and radiating means and surfaces.

2. An in ot mold ,provided on two opposite sides with perpendicular chambers, and

on the two other opposite sides with c0ntinu-l ous longitudinal air passages.

3. An ingot mold provided ontwo opposite sides with chambers, each of said chambers being formed by a relatively thin wall, and having on the other two opposite sides relatively thick walls provided with continuous longitudinal air passages.

5. An ingot mold provided on two of its sides with perpendicular chambers, and on the other two sides with continuous longitudinal air'passages.

6. An ingot mold provided on two sides with'chambers, each of said chambers being formed by a relatively thin wall, and having on the other two sides relatively thick walls provided with continuous longitudinal air passages.

7. In combination with an ingot mold, an outer casing adapted to be placed in telescopic relation with the mold, and having two of its sides insulated against heat absorption and radiation, and the other two sides provided with continuous lon itudinal air passages, and means for hol ing the mold and casing in operative relation.

8. In combination with an ingot mold, an outer casing adapted to be placed in telescopic relation with the mold, and having two of its sides provided with perpendicular chambers, and the other two sides provided with eirtended and increased heat absorbin and radiatingr means and surfaces, an means for holding the mold and easing in operative relation.

9. In combination with an ingot mold, an outer casing adapted to be placed in telescopic relation with the mold, and provided on'two of its sides with perpendicular 'chambers, each of said chambers being formed by a relatively thin wall, and the other two sides having a relatively thick wall provided with continuous longitudinal air passages, and means for holding the mold and casing in operative relation.

In testimonyl whereof, I have hereunto afiixed my signature.

4. An ingot mold having' two of its sides insulated against heat absorption and radia- REINHOLD CARL KRAUSE. 

